过去将来时表示：
从过去某一时间点来看，将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
通常出现在：
would + 动词原形
在现代英语中，过去将来时最常见、最标准的形式就是 would + 动词原形。
过去将来时常和以下时间状语连用：
表示从过去某一时间点来看，将来会发生的动作或状态。
例句：
She said she would be there at 7 p.m., and he thought she would keep her word.
她说她会在晚上7点到那里，他认为她会信守诺言。
表示过去的：
例句：
When I arrived at the airport, the plane was just going to take off.
当我到达机场时，飞机正要起飞。
She knew that she was going to miss the train.
她知道自己要赶不上那趟火车了。
表示马上、立刻就要发生的动作，强调动作发生前的临近状态。常见句型：be about to do sth. when...
= 正要做某事，这时……
例句：
He was about to call when someone knocked at the door.
他正要打电话，这时有人敲门了。This was the call that announced there was about to be a whale hunt.
这是那声宣告捕鲸行动即将开始的呼喊。
be about to 一般不能和明确的将来时间状语连用，如：
例如：
Autumn is about to start. （O）
Autumn is about to start soon. (X)
be on the point of doing sth.
意思和 be about to do sth. 很接近，表示“正要做某事”。
例句：
They were on the point of starting.
他们正要出发。
表示按照过去的：
将在某个时间发生的事情。
例句：
He said that the sports meet was to take place soon.
他说运动会不久将举行。
I was told that the children were to leave for the seaside.
我被告知孩子们将要去海边。
be to do 更强调 客观安排。
be going to do 更强调 主观打算。
对比：I am to play football tomorrow afternoon.
我明天下午要去踢足球。（客观安排）
I’m going to play football tomorrow afternoon.
我明天下午打算去踢足球。（主观计划）
有些表示位置变化或动作开始的动词，可以用过去进行时表示过去将来，强调过去某时已经有安排或打算。
常见动词有：
例句：
My cousin told me that he was leaving for the US next week.
我堂弟告诉我他下周要去美国。I asked him whether he was coming back for dinner.
我问他是否回来吃晚饭。
| 结构 | 核心含义 | 说明 |
|---|---|---|
| would + 动词原形 | 过去将会 | 最基本、最常见 |
| was / were going to do | 过去打算 / 迹象表明快要发生 | 偏主观计划 |
| was / were about to do | 正要、马上要 | 强调动作临近发生 |
| was / were to do | 按安排、按计划将要 | 偏客观安排 |
| was / were doing | 过去已安排好的将来动作 | 常见于趋向性动词 |
1. They made up their mind that they ____ a new house once Jason changed jobs.A. bought
B. would buy
C. have bought
D. had bought
答案：B. would buy
主句是过去时 made up their mind，
从句中“买房”是从过去来看将要发生的动作，所以用过去将来时。另外，once Jason changed jobs 是时间状语从句，用一般过去时表示将来意义。
句意：
他们决定一旦 Jason 换了工作，就买一套新房子。
2. The manager was concerned to hear that two of his trusted workers _______.A. will leave
B. are leaving
C. have left
D. were leaving
答案：D. were leaving
主句是一般过去时 was concerned，
从句中“要离开”也是站在过去时间点来看将要发生的事，所以应用相应的过去时态。这里 were leaving 表示过去已经安排好的将来动作。
句意：
经理听说自己信任的两位工人将要离开，感到很担忧。